论文代写：人力资本
根据Ehie和Olibe(2010),公司已投入巨资研发更容易盈利和成功。类似的结果由Bae和金姆(2003)表明,研发投资持续显著积极影响公司的市场价值。干草和莫里斯(1979)状态,高投资研发比例可以生成高风险高回报策略,使股东能够提供更好的财务业绩。虽然研发可能高回报、高的风险不容忽视。曼斯菲尔德和瓦格纳(1975)指出,与有形资产相比,无形资产投资有更多的失效概率。Lantz和Sahut(2005)进一步解释,在小公司,风险的增长将导致流动性问题和破产,因为小公司没有足够的金融备份处理这些危机。公司能够实现竞争优势通过投资研发可能会为公司创造价值。然而,溢出效应有关研发的过程使竞争对手获得竞争力较低成本(朱,2012)。
在知识经济中,知识资本的贡献主要为了公司的业绩。50% – -90%的公司创造的价值在当今经济估计来自公司的智力资本而不是传统材料产品(Guthrie Yongvanich,2004)。与智力资本,企业能够提高公司的性能,如生产力和创新,实现竞争优势在市场上的竞争对手并在长期创造价值。智力资本三个组件,包括人力资本、关系资本或客户,以及结构或组织的资本。
人力资本开发和增强组织的能力做出巨大的贡献,这能够促进公司未来的创新,增加公司的业绩(Ismall Marimuthi Arokiasamy,2009)。此外,劳动能力显著公司间差异有助于生产率和企业的有效性(Griliches Regev,1995)。基于资源的观点,人力资本是一个企业强大的竞争力,特别是在科技行业无法模仿和替代。尽管人力资本可以提高公司的业绩,这可能不是一个重要的决心。根据Coff(1997)当人力资本创造了更多的利润,员工可能需要更高的工资,这将利用资本。
论文代写：人力资本
Accordingto Ehie and Olibe (2010), companies which have invested heavily in R&D are more likely to be profitable and successful. Similar results delivered by the Bae and Kim (2003) show that R&D investment consistently has significantly positive impacts on company’s market value. Hay and Morris (1979) state that high percentage investment in R&D can generate high risk-high return strategy which enable shareholder to deliver better financial performance. Although R&D may have high return, the high risk cannot be ignored. Mansfield and Wagner (1975) point out that in comparison with the tangible assets, intangible assets investments have more probability of failure. Lantz and Sahut (2005) further explain that in small companies, risk of growth will lead to liquidity problem and bankruptcy because small companies do not have sufficient financial backup to deal with these crises. Companies are able to achieve competitive advantages by investing in R&D which is likely to create value for the company. However, spillovers relating to the processes of R&D make it possible for competitors to gain competitiveness with a lower cost (Zhu, 2012).
In knowledge-based economy, intellectual capital contributes major effort to company’s performance. 50%-90% of the value created by a firm in today’s economy is estimated to come from intellectual capital of the company rather than traditional material products (Guthrie and Yongvanich, 2004).With intellectual capital, companies are able to increase company’s performance, such as productivity and innovation, achieve competitive advantages amongst rivals in the market and create value in a long-term basis. Intellectual capital has three components, including human capital, relational or customer capital, as well as structural or organizational capital.
Human capital development and enhancement tend to make huge contribution to organization’s competencies, which are able to boost company’s future innovativeness and increase Company’s performance (Ismall Marimuthi and Arokiasamy, 2009). Furthermore, labour ability contributes significant inter-firm differences to productivity and companies’ effectiveness (Griliches and Regev, 1995). Based on the resource-based view, human capital can be a powerful competitiveness for companies, especially those in technology industry as it is unable to imitate and substitute. Although human capital can enhance company’s performance, it might not be an important determination. According to Coff (1997) when human capital creates more profits, employees may require higher pay, which will leverage the capital.