01/01/2019

英国毕业论文:航空工业事故反映的问题

英国毕业论文:航空工业事故反映的问题

组织问题被发现是许多航空工业事故的原因。这也反映在其他部门,如切尔诺贝利灾难、挑战者号事故和科根航空公司3407航班等。Wiegmann等(2004)认为,个体行为实际上是组织文化的反映。因此,了解组织的文化对于制定一个全面的安全计划是很重要的。下图显示了四个航空安全期和典型事故。“文化”这个词有很多定义。Gudykunst和Kim(1992)认为文化是一个相对庞大的群体共享的知识系统。波特和萨莫瓦尔(1994)提供了共同知识的更多细节。他们认为核心是知识的积累。这也包括经验、信仰、价值、态度、意义、等级、宗教,以及时间、角色、空间关系和宇宙概念的概念。他们还强调,文化的形成需要一群人在几代人的过程中通过个人和群体的奋斗(Porter & Samovar, 1994)。

英国毕业论文:航空工业事故反映的问题
与此同时,Hofstede、Hofstede和Minkov(1991)将文化定义为“一群人或一类人与另一类人区别开来的思想的集体规划”(Hofstede et al., 1991, p. 6)。不同的人类学家对文化有不同的定义。根据Hall(1960),文化可以定义为人们的生活可能受到影响的方式。它可以定义为学习行为模式、不同属性和物质事物的总和。除此之外,我们可以认为文化可能不是与生俱来的,但它是建立在学习行为的基础上的。文化可以被定义为一个人在知情或不知情的情况下学习并与周围环境分享的东西。因此,有许多研究探讨了文化对不同生活模式的影响。从简单的角度来看,它是一个人的行为的总和,反映了一个共享的价值体系。

英国毕业论文:航空工业事故反映的问题

Organizational issues were found to be the reason for many accidents in the aviation industry. This is also reflected in other sectors like the Chernobyl disaster, Challenger accident and Cogan Air Flight 3407 to name a few. Wiegmann et al (2004) argue that individual action is in fact the reflection of the organizational culture. Therefore, it is important to understand the culture of the organization to develop a holistic safety plan. The following figure shows the four aviation safety periods and example accidents.The word “Culture” has many definitions. Gudykunst and Kim (1992) see culture as the systems of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people. Porter and Samovar (1994) provide more details of the shared common knowledge. They believe that the core is an accumulative deposit of knowledge. This also includes experiences, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, and notions of time, roles, spatial relations, and concepts of the universe. They also emphasize that the forming of a culture requires a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving (Porter & Samovar, 1994).

英国毕业论文:航空工业事故反映的问题
Simultaneously, Hofstede, Hofstede, and Minkov (1991) define culture as “the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from others” (Hofstede et al., 1991, p. 6).Culture is a word which can have a large influence on the life of the person. There are different definitions of culture given by different anthropologists. According to Hall (1960), culture can be defined as the manner in which the life of people may be affected. It may be defined as the sum of the learned behavior patterns, different attributes and material things. In addition to this, it can be considered that culture is something that may not be innate, but it is something that is based on learned behavior. Culture may be defined as something that a person learns and shares to their surroundings knowingly or unknowingly. Therefore, there have been a number of studies which investigate the influence of the culture on different patterns of life. From a simplistic perspective, it is the sum of the behavior of the person that reflects upon a shared value system.

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